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第一段
1 .Listen to part of a lecture in a studio art class.
听一段艺术摄影课程的演讲
第二段
1 .OK. As you probably know, primary colors are, theoretically speaking, the basic colors from which all other colors can be made.
好。你们应该已经有所了解，理论上的三原色就是指可以构成任何其他颜色的三种基本颜色。
2 .But as you'll find out when you start working on your painting projects, the three primary colors - red, blue, yellow - don't always make the best secondary colors.
但是，当你开始画画的时候，你就会发现三原色——红，蓝，黄未必能调出最好的新颜色。
3 .Combining red and blue, you will probably never get a fantastic violet.
如果将红色与蓝色混合一下，你可能永远也调不出一种让你惊艳的紫罗兰色，
4 .To get a nice violet, you'll have to add white.
若要调出漂亮的紫罗兰色，你还得加点白色。
5 .Combining yellow and blue, you will almost never get a satisfactory green.
如果将黄色与蓝色混合一下，你可能永远也调不出一种让你满意的绿色，
6 .You are better off using a pure green pigment.
最多也就是调出些纯绿色的颜料来画画了。
第三段
1 .The idea of primary colors, and specifically the idea of red, yellow and blue being THE primary colors, didn't exist until about 200 years ago.
“三原色”这一概念，尤其是“红黄蓝三原色”的概念，直到200多年前才出现。
2 .Until then, the dominant theory about color was one that had been proposed by Isaac Newton.
在那之前，关于颜色的主流理论是由艾萨克•牛顿提出的。
3 .Newton gave a scientific and objective explanation of colors.
牛顿对颜色提出了一种科学而客观的解释。
4 .He used a prism to break white light down into the various colors of the spectrum.
他用棱镜将白光分解成光谱中的其他几种颜色，
5 .And he theorized, rightly so, that different colors are essentially different wavelengths of light.
并据此提出了不同的颜色实质上就是不同波长的光的理论。
6 .But he made no mention of primary colors.
但他并未提及三原色。
7 .That idea came from, or was at least published by a man named Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
约翰•沃尔夫冈•冯•歌德提出这一理论，或者说是发表这一理论。
第四段
1 .Goethe was a well-known author.
歌德是一位著名的作家，
2 .He wrote many famous novels, plays, poems.
写过许多著名的小说，戏剧和诗
3 .So why did he start thinking about colors?
那么，他为什么会思考颜色的问题呢？
第五段
1 .Well Goethe was part of the Romantic Movement in western literature.
歌德是西方文学浪漫主义运动中的一份子。
2 .And he was a Romantic, through and through, meaning that he explained objects and phenomena in terms of the spiritual, emotional impact they had, as opposed to explaining them in terms of their scientific nature.
他是个彻头彻尾的浪漫主义者，这就意味着他是从物和现象所带给他的精神和情感上的影响来分析它们的，而不是从它们的科学本质着手。
3 .He rejected an objective understanding of color, in favor of a more subjective understanding.
他反对对颜色的客观理解，支持更为主观的理解方式。
4 .He believed that when we see color, it stimulates our emotions.
他相信，当我们看见颜色时，颜色会激发我们的情感，
5 .And different colors appeal to or inspire different emotions in different people.
并且不同的人会被不同的颜色激发出不同的情感。
第六段
1 .That sounds like psychology.
这听起来有点像心理学。
第七段
1 .Well, color theory is used in psychology too.
嗯，颜色理论也同样为心理学所用。
2 .Some psychologists do use their field's version of color theory to diagnose and treat patients.
一些心理学家确实会用心理学中的颜色理论来诊断和治疗病人。
3 .Um... anyway, Goethe conducted a number of experiments trying to figure out which colors corresponded to which emotions.
嗯...总之，歌德为了研究出不同颜色所对应的情感而进行了许多次实验。
4 .And in terms of that goal, he wasn't very successful.
就实验目的而言，他的实验并不太成功，
5 .But his experiments actually did show a lot about the relationships between colors themselves, about how colors change when placed next to other colors, about how they interact with one another.
但它们却揭示出了颜色与颜色之间的关系，颜色被置于其他颜色旁边会发生怎样的变化，以及颜色之间是如何相互作用的。
6 .Scientists studying optics and chromatics today still marvel at his findings.
至今，研究光学和色彩学的科学家仍对他的发现感到惊讶不已。
7 .But Goethe wasn't really able to establish a clear connection between colors and emotions.
但是，歌德并没能真正在颜色与情感之间建立一种清晰的联系
第八段
1 .Then in 1806, he received a letter from a relatively unknown German artist, a painter named Philipp Otto Runge.
随后，在1806年，歌德收到一位不太知名的德国艺术家的来信，他是一位名叫飞利浦•奥托•朗格的画家
2 .In the letter, Runge outlined his own color theory, specifically the connections he made between colors and emotions.
在信中，朗格简单说明了他自己的颜色理论，尤其是他所发现的颜色与情感的联系。
3 .And his ideas about what colors symbolize, about the emotions that different colors inspire were based on the colors of red, yellow and blue.
他的这些关于不同颜色的象征意义及它们所能引发的情感的理念都是以红黄蓝三色为基础的。
4 .Runge's choice of red, yellow and blue had nothing to do with what we know from modern-day chromatics.
但朗格对红黄蓝三色的选择跟我们熟悉的现代色彩学里的三原色没什么关系，
5 .It had to do with Runge's complex system of symbolism, his experience of nature, particularly with his experience of the quality of light at various times of the day, morning, noon and night.
而是基于他创建的复杂的色彩象征系统和他个人对自然的体验，尤其是对光在一天的早中晚不同时段所呈现的质感的体验。
6 .So each color had a specific symbolic value.
因此，每种颜色都具有特殊的象征意义。
第九段
1 .Well, four years later, Goethe published a book entitled Color Lesson.
四年后，歌德出版了一本名为《论色彩学》的书。
2 .In Color Lesson, Goethe COINCIDENTLY cites the same colors as primary colors.
在这本书中，歌德恰巧提到这三种颜色，并称之为“原色”。
3 .At this point, Goethe was already a well-known author, so he was easily able to popularize this idea of primary colors, and specifically the idea of red, yellow and blue as THE primary colors.
那时，歌德已经是一位著名作家了，所以原色的概念，尤其是红黄蓝三原色的概念很快就得以广泛传播了。
第十段
1 .But he didn't mention Runge?
但是他没有提到朗格吗？
第十一段
1 .Well, he did put Runge's letter in the book, at the end.
这个嘛，他确有将朗格的信列在书后，
2 .But he added a disclaimer implying that Runge's letter didn't influence his work.
不过他在附加的免责声明中暗示了他并未受到朗格那封信的影响。
3 .Apparently, what Goethe was saying was that they just happened to come up with the same theory at the same time.
显然，歌德的意思就是：他们刚好在同一时间提出了同样的理论。