考满分 toefl

1 .Listen to part of a discussion in an art history class.

听一段艺术史课程。

1 .All right, let's continue our discussion of portrait artists and portraiture.

好的，我们继续我们关于肖像艺术家的讨论。

2 .Who remembers any of the important points we made last time? Sandra?

谁记得上次课讨论过的要点？桑德拉？

1 .Um, well, artists have done portraits of people for centuries, of famous people and regular people, and most portraits convey the artists' personal vision, like their feelings and insights about a person.

嗯，肖像艺术家存在了好几个世纪，他们一直为平常人或者名人绘制或雕刻肖像，当然大部分肖像艺术家表达的是艺术家自己的看法，比如他们自己对描绘对象的感觉、洞见等。

1 .Great, that's a crucial point, and I'd like to explore that a little today.

很棒！这一点非常关键！今天我想在这一个问题上多谈几句。

2 .A great example of that, that vision in portraiture, is Cecilia Beaux.

关于肖像艺术家自己的世界观的很好的例子，当属西西莉亚•伯芝。

3 .Cecilia Beaux was born in 1855, and after learning to paint and studying with several important artists of the time, Beaux became known as one of the best portrait painters in the United States.

西西莉亚•伯芝生于1854 年，经过一段时间在几位当时重要的画家门下学习和研究绘画之后，伯芝成为当时美国最有名的肖像画家。

4 .She was very successful. She even had portraits of the wife and children of Theodore Roosevelt, while he was president.

她非常成功，甚至为还是总统的西奥多•罗斯福及其夫人和孩子绘制了肖像。

5 .Some did not get much more prestige than that.

肖像画家们能够获得的最高荣誉，也就莫过于此了。

6 .Now, those portraits also reflect the kind of subjects that Beaux tended to use, which were mostly women and children.

现在的肖像画家的作品也反应出当时伯芝惯用的一些描绘对象，主要是妇女和儿童。

7 .For example, in her first major work, her subjects were ... the painting featured her sister and her nephew.

譬如，伯芝的第一幅大作，她的描绘对象就是她的妹妹和侄子。

8 .Yes, Mark?

嗯，马克？

1 .Yeah, it just seems interesting.

嗯，这看上去确实有趣。

2 .I was wondering if that was unusual to have a portrait artist who is a woman become so well-known and successful in the 19th century.

我想问问，是不是像伯芝这种在19 世纪成功的女性肖像画家非常罕见？

1 .Great question. Yeah, she really stood out back in the 1800s.

问的不错！是的，她是在19 世纪成名的

2 .And today, she is still considered one of the greatest portrait painters of her time, male or female.

但到今天她依然被看做是那个时代最伟大的肖像画家，无论男女。

3 .In fact, she was the first full-time female instructor at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.

实际上，她还是宾夕法尼亚大学美术研究院的第一位全职导师

4 .And she was a full member of the National Academy of Design.

并且是国家设计院的全职研究员。

5 .These are pretty important institutions, so, yeah, she definitely made headway for women artists.

这些机构的地位都是很高的，所以，嗯，她当然是女性艺术家中的领头羊。

6 .Ok, so let's look at one of her portraits now.

好的，现在我们回到她的作品上来。

7 .This painting is called The Dreamer. It is one of my favorites.

这幅画叫做“做梦的人”，它是我最喜欢的作品之一。

8 .And I think it is especially characteristic of Beaux's work.

并且我认为它在伯芝的作品中非常具有代表性。

9 .So what you see here is a portrait of a close friend of Cecilia Beaux.

你们在这幅画中看到的是伯芝的一位密友。

10 .So tell me what's the first thing that draws you to this painting? What catches your eye first.

现在，你们说说这幅画最能吸引你们的地方在哪儿？

1 .Well, for me, it is her face and hands, I think they are really expressive.

对我来说，我觉得是她的手和脸，我觉得这两个地方描绘的非常具有表现力

2 .And also, they make the woman seem very contemplative, seems like she is thinking pretty seriously about something.

并且使得这位女性栩栩如生，使得我们感觉她在思考一个非常严肃的事情。

1 .Yeah, her eyes kind of draw you in.

嗯，她的眼睛的确非常吸引人！

2 .But what strikes me is the contrasting colors, the white dress and the dark background.

但这幅画最吸引我的，是它的光影对比：白色的外衣，黑色的背景。

3 .It kind of reminds me of that painting we discussed a few weeks ago, by ...eh... John Singer Sargent.

它不禁让我想到了几周之前我们讨论过的一幅作品，那幅画的作者叫，嗯，叫……约翰•思格•萨金特

4 .I think it was called Madame X?

画的名字叫做X 女士？

1 .I agree, good point.

很好！非常不错！

2 .Yes, Beaux had high regard for Sargent's work.

是的，伯芝对萨金特作品的评价非常的高。

3 .And this is something, a technique that you will find in both of their work.

并且，这种绘画技巧，你们可以在这两人的画作中同时找到。

4 .Ok, but the painting is called The Dreamer.

好的，但我们讨论的这幅作品的名字叫做“做梦的人”

5 .What do you see is dreamlike about it?

你们觉得这幅画到底什么地方符合这个名字的意义？

1 .Well, the background behind the woman is pretty vague.

嗯，这幅画的背景，即女士身后的景象，非常的模糊

2 .Like, maybe there is no real context, like no definite surroundings, expecially compared to the woman herself, since she is so clear and well-defined.

似乎并不存在一个真实的背景，明确的环境，尤其是和这位栩栩如生的女士相比，因为她的形象即清晰且突出。

1 .Yes, the unclear background definitely contributes to that dreaminess.

是的，正是这种模糊的背景在塑造一个梦的意境。

2 .It is meant to show a sense of isolation I think.

我认为，它是要表现一种孤独的感觉

3 .With the woman is deep in a daydream and not really aware of anything else.

表达一位独处的女性白日做梦，并且她对周围的环境似乎不闻不问，没有感觉。

4 .This painting shows how insightful Cecilia Beaux was as a portrait artist.

这幅画表明了伯芝作为一名肖像画家的深刻洞察力。

5 .Besides her excellent technical skills, like her use of brush strokes and color to make an impression, both perspectives come through.

外加上她笔道、色彩等方面卓然不群的技法，这幅画在这两个方面非常出色。

6 .Her portraits reveal her own interpretation of her subject's state of mind.

她的绘画反应了她自己的精神状态

7 .This is what it is all about, not just likenesses.

而不只是做到了外表的神似。

1 .Now, the undefined background also shows how Cecilia Beaux was influenced by the French Impressionists, who believed, like Beaux, in a personal rather than conventional approach to their subject matter.

同时，这幅画模棱两可的背景表明了西西莉亚受到了法国印象派画家的影响。印象派画家尊奉人物为绘画的主题，与传统的主张相悖。

2 .Beaux used some impressionist techniques and share much of their philosophy, but her style, it was all her own.

伯芝借鉴了一些印象派的技法和绘画哲学，但她的风格，却是属于她自己的独创。